Nothing that is built-in the grid to dynamically retrieve that from database, since this is a pure client-side side utility. The only (and as far as I can tell, the best) way to do it is to first featch the data from database and then when constructing the jQuery init statement from jqGrid to include it as a server variable, e.g. write it directly from server.
In ASP.NET that woud be
jQuery(“#jqGridId”).jqGrid …
..
…
where DropDownValues are calculated on the server.